Rare earths are less abundant minerals found in low concentration deposits. There are 17 rare earth elements in nature.

State Owned Indian Rare earth Lt.d (IRFL) & Toyota Motors group firm Toyota Tsusho corporation (TTC) are learnt to have finalised  the modalities of jointly harnessing mixed rare earth chloride the commodity used to extra individual rare earth that can be used for both civilian & military including nuclear application.

Monazite is the only commercial mineral source for extraction & production  of rare earths in India.Other countries like China, US & Indonesia produce rare earths from mineral sources like bastaaesite,  xenotime & iron absorption clay, all of which are non radioactive.